文章摘要

冯惠玲.数字记忆:文化记忆的数字宫殿[J].中国图书馆学报,2020,46(3):4~16
数字记忆:文化记忆的数字宫殿
Digital Memory: A Digital Palace for Cultural Memory
投稿时间:2020-03-15  
DOI:
中文关键词: 记忆  数字记忆  文化记忆  图档博  记忆机构
英文关键词: Memory  Digital memory  Cultural memory  LAM  Memory repository
基金项目:本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“历史文化村镇数字化保护与传承:理论、方法与应用”(编号:16ZD158)的研究成果之一
作者单位
冯惠玲 中国人民大学信息资源管理学院 北京 100872 
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中文摘要:
      信息化进程对于人类记忆是双刃剑,信息技术在强化社会生活记录能力的同时也引发了新的社会失忆现象,数字记忆成为新一代文化记忆。本文在简要爬梳数字记忆由来和现状的基础上,阐述数字记忆的基本原理和社会价值,归纳出多资源互补、多媒体连通、迭代式生长、开放式构建等特点,从目标定位、文化阐释、资源整合、编排展示、技术支撑五个方面提出构建数字记忆项目的架构和要领。本文还分析了图书馆、档案馆、博物馆等记忆机构在数字记忆建设中的重要角色及其原因,倡导图档博机构在数字记忆构建中拓展职能,增加活力。参考文献31。
英文摘要:
Informatization is a double-edged sword to human memory. While strengthening the recording ability of social life,information technology has also led to a new phenomenon of social amnesia. Digital memory could be a new generation of culture memory. With the changes of the technical environment and development of thinking and behavior logic,memory enters into the digital world rapidly and extensively. Digital memory has become a new generation of culture memory.
Since the 1990s,digital projects have spread all over the world. The construction main bodies and topic types are diversified. However,passions for practice are ahead of theoretical studies,which results in inadequacy of conceptualization and systematization in digital memory research.
Digital memory is digitalized culture memory which has the characteristics of cultural memory and digital information. The historical cultural information of specific objects is harvested,organized,stored and displayed in digital forms,and loaded,reproduced and spread online. Digital memory shares the characteristics of multi resource,multimedia,iteration and open construction.
Digital memory are mostly constructed through projects. The construction mainly comprises five aspects,target positioning,cultural interpretation,resource integration,editing and display,and technical support. 1)Target positioning is to determine the function,main body,form,style,audience and expectation of the project. 2)Cultural interpretation aims to reveal and guard the spirit of the project. It includes understanding,excavation,textual research,sorting and expression of the memory object,which is the bedrock of subject selection,cultural structure and presentation. 3)Resource integration is to gather resources of various types and forms related to the memory object for the purpose of supplement and verification and provide them for the public's reference. 4)Editing and displaying is to spread memory to more people and descendants,which has a direct effect on presentation of digital memory. Three elements should be concerned with:the scientific storage of memory resources,knowledge discovery and full sharing,the presentation of time and space and user experience. 5)Technical support refers to the technical means applied in the project's demand analysis,system development,daily operation and maintenance as well as the harvest,processing,preservation,presentation and retrieval of resources. Technical support runs through the full life circle of digital memory projects.
Information and materials of cultural significance are mainly in the form of documents such as books and archives,which involves social knowledge and emotions. Books and archives,among others,can play a role in the construction of function memory and meanwhile are the main body of memory storage. Cultural institutions such as libraries,archives and museums (LAM) can sponsor the construction of function memory and meanwhile are memory repository. The LAM should expand their functions and increase their vitality in the construction of digital memory projects. 31 refs.
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