王琳,赖茂生.中国科技情报事业回顾与展望:基于情报学理论的视角[J].中国图书馆学报,2021,47(4):28~47 |
中国科技情报事业回顾与展望:基于情报学理论的视角 |
Review and Prospect of Scientific and Technical Information Enterprise in China: From the Perspective of Information Science Theories |
投稿时间:2021-01-12 修订日期:2021-05-01 |
DOI: |
中文关键词: 中国 情报学理论 科技情报事业 情报学史 信息链 |
英文关键词: China Information science theory Scientific and technical information enterprise History of information science Information chain |
基金项目:本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于大数据的科教评价信息云平台构建和智能服务研究”(编号:19ZDA348)的研究成果之一 |
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中文摘要: |
科技情报事业的发展是同情报学理论研究和学科建设紧密相关的,两者互相促进,密不可分。本文从情报学理论演化的视角出发,考察在中国科技情报事业的初创期、恢复发展期、改革探索期、深化发展期、转型创新期等不同历史发展阶段中情报学理论和学科建设的作用及影响。针对当前我国国家战略和新一代信息基础环境下情报学学科建设和事业发展面对的变革挑战,从情报的“耳目、尖兵、参谋”作用、情报学与数据科学双融等方面探讨情报学理论研究如何更好地指导中国科技情报事业发展和科技情报工作实践,包括:科技情报工作要坚持为决策部门提供广快精准的情报服务和智库咨询、为科技创新和自立自强提供情报支撑,基于学科双融的综合集成理论框架实现情报工程智慧化。文章最后从科技情报事业的理论新动力、科技情报工作的学理基础以及融合DIKW信息链的新型科技情报工作等方面对未来十年科技情报事业的发展进行了展望。参考文献73。 |
英文摘要: |
The development of scientific and technical (S&T) information enterprise is closely related to information science (IS) theory They facilitate with each other From the perspective of the theoretical evolution of information science,this paper explores the influences and role of IS theories on the historical development of the Chinese S&T information enterprise.In the establishing period,the origin of the Chinese S&T information enterprise can be traced back to the Long term Plan for Science and Technology Development in China (1956-1967) The role of information mainly featured the influence of IS theory on Chinese S&T information enterprise In the restoring and growing period,the rapid development of the Chinese S&T information enterprise generated the demand for IS theories The Mikhailov school of scientific information communication system had great impacts Many western IS theories were introduced into China and positively influenced the Chinese S&T information enterprise in various aspects Chinese original IS theories flourished and enlightened information professionals In the reforming period,the “broad information outlook” of information science initiated the reforming process of the Chinese S&T information enterprise In 1992,the renaming of S&T information (from intelligence to information in the Chinese language) taking place in the practice field caused Chinese IS education reform and facilitated the emergence of information resources management theory In the deepening development period,the Internet age had the most profound influence on Chinese S&T information work mode IS and S&T information enterprise had shown good adaptability to the networked environment Besides,the knowledge theory became the mainstream IS theory and drove the knowledge platform construction The debate about whether information or intelligence should be the focus of Chinese IS was a hot topic and influenced the development direction of the Chinese S&T information enterprise In the innovation period,facing the challenge of new information infrastructure and the call of current state strategy,both IS theory and S&T information enterprise need innovation It discusses the ways of IS theory's guiding enterprise from the perspective of the “eyes and ears,vanguard and consultant” roles of information and integration of IS and data science It argues S&T information professionals should provide information support to S&T innovation,self reliance and self improvement It points out that Qian Xuesen's metasynthetic thought can be utilized as the theoretical framework for integrating IS and data science The wisdom oriented information engineering should be realized. This paper also discusses the future co development of Chinese IS theory and S&T information enterprise in the next decade The breakthrough in the fundamentals of information science is the new driving force of S&T information enterprise development Taking the information problem in industrial policy debate as an example,it argues that the legitimacy and value of S&T information work should be theoretically verified It also calls for the innovative S&T information work mode based on the fusion of elements along the information concept chain73 refs.
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