| 童钰,王伟军.低龄儿童网络信息行为与认知研究进展[J].中国图书馆学报,2022,48(5):73~85 |
| 低龄儿童网络信息行为与认知研究进展 |
| Research Progress in Online Information Behavior and Cognition of Young Children |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-15 修订日期：2022-05-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 信息行为 低龄儿童 网络行为 网络信息认知 网络信息评估 |
| 英文关键词: Information behavior Young children Online behavior Online information cognition Online information credibility |
| 基金项目:本文系国家自然科学基金项目“面向青少年网络适应的个性化信息服务优化方法研究”（编号:71974072）的研究成果之一 |
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| 中文摘要: |
随着互联网和各类智能电子设备的普及,儿童越来越多、越来越早地接触到网络信息。本文结合3—8岁低龄儿童的认知发展特征,从网络环境下的信息行为、对网络信息的认知和理解,以及对网络信息可信度评估三个方面进行综述,分析并发现这一年龄段儿童的网络信息行为及认知上的诸多特点:儿童网络信息行为在频率和多样性上的快速增长离不开可联网设备在交互方式（如触屏、语音命令）上的革新；尽管儿童有网络信息接触经验,但他们缺乏对网络信息本质来源、传播方式和内容范围的理解,儿童倾向于利用已有的、基于真人和电子设备的认知图式去理解网络信息的特征；儿童能够将网络视为媒介,比较网络信息与其他来源信息在可信度上的差异,但儿童能否认识到不同网络信息存在可信度的差异,以及能否运用一些启发式去评估网络信息的可信度还有待探讨。未来研究应将低龄儿童群体纳入图情领域网络信息行为与信息素养研究的视野,弥补对该年龄段群体研究的缺失,并在研究内容上深化、在方法上创新,加强对儿童网络信息行为与认知的基础研究,加强对少儿网络信息资源建设与服务、儿童信息素养教育等应用对策的研究,以更好地促进我国儿童的“数字化”成长。表1。参考文献48。
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| 英文摘要: |
With the rapid growth of high speed Internet and portable electronic devices,children are increasingly exposed to various of online information,and this is especially true for young children. This review summarizes the current state of the research by investigating 3 to 8 year old children's information behavior in the network environment,children's conception of online information,and how children evaluate the credibility of information retrieved from the Internet.
Firstly,this review shows that the rapid growth of children's online information behavior in frequency and diversity benefit from the innovation of the interaction mode with internet connected devices （such as touch screen and voice command）. Secondly,this review indicates that though young children have experience with the Internet,they still lack sophisticated understanding of the essential source,transmission mode and scope of online information. Children tend to use their existing cognitive schema based on human and electronic devices to understand the characteristics of network information:1） They are not yet able to understand the essential source of Internet information and have a tendency to believe that Internet information originates from networkable devices or connection methods； 2） Children fail to understand the dynamic dissemination of Internet information； 3） They do not think that the Internet is omniscient,and they would adjust their understanding of the scope of the network according to their experience of searching behavior on the Internet. Finally,this review revealed that children could view the Internet as a medium,and they could compare the difference of credibility between online information and information from other information sources. Children as young as age 5 have viewed the Internet as a reliable source of information,and with age,their trust in online information increased. However,it remains to be discussed whether children can realize the variety of reliability between different online information and whether they can use some heuristics to evaluate the credibility of online information.
Future researchers should include this age group in the study of online information behavior and information literacy in the field of LIS to make up for the lack of this age group. We also recommend researchers and educators to deepen the research content and make innovation in the methodology to strengthen the basic research and applied countermeasure research on children's online information behavior and cognition in order to better promote the digital growth of Chinese children. In practice,in order to protect children's online safety,we appeal network information technology products and information content service providers to develop applications and system products with friendly and simple interfaces,prominent focus,credible content and clear sources which are suitable for children's operating ability. 1 tab. 48 refs.
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