文章摘要

贾君枝.从编目到元数据管理:图书馆知识组织的发展路径[J].中国图书馆学报,2023,49(2):121~131
从编目到元数据管理:图书馆知识组织的发展路径
From Cataloging to Metadata Management:The Development of Library Knowledge Organization
投稿时间:2022-04-11  修订日期:2022-05-21
DOI:
中文关键词: 图书馆  知识组织  元数据  编目
英文关键词: Library  Knowledge organization  Metadata  Cataloging
基金项目:
作者单位
贾君枝 中国人民大学信息资源管理学院 北京 100872 
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中文摘要:
      以传统编目为核心的知识组织活动面临着诸多挑战,不能有效地支持智慧图书馆所开展的知识服务,如何适应当前知识服务的发展是图书馆需要深入思考的问题。本文梳理国内外文献,寻找编目与元数据之间的有机联系,从编目规则、编目系统、编目业务流程角度对编目环境发展变化进行客观分析,旨在对元数据管理发展的必要性进行探讨,在此基础上提出图书馆元数据管理的发展思路。基于FAIR原则,本文提出了元数据统一管理框架、语义化及结构化的知识表示及语义增强元数据的实现,以期充分利用语义网相关技术实现对元数据全生命周期的管理,推动图书馆元数据质量提升,深入开展一系列围绕元数据的服务以带动知识服务。图2。表1。参考文献24。
英文摘要:
The development of smart libraries puts forward more in depth requirements for knowledge services,which not only must adapt to the ubiquitous services of multiple application scenarios but also require closeness and accuracy of service content. As far as the current service situation is concerned,libraries are limited to the digital management and provision of collection resources,and lack the disclosure,reorganization and reproduction of knowledge units within the resources,and its business processes and system platforms are limited by traditional information organization methods. With the continuous growth of the number,scope and type of collection resources,it is unable to effectively meet users demand for knowledge contained in the resources. How to adapt the knowledge organization activities with traditional cataloging as the core to the current development of knowledge services will be a problem that libraries need to consider deeply. This paper finds that the weakening of cataloging and the prominent role of metadata make it particularly necessary to re examine the knowledge organization activities of the library.
This paper analyzes the development and change of the cataloging environment from three perspectives:cataloging rules,cataloging systems and cataloging processes. The change in cataloging rules has brought about changes in cataloging ideas. From closeness to openness,from isolated ones to interconnected ones,and from resources descriptions to content descriptions in resources,these changes make cataloging not just a process of revealing and recording resource characteristics,but an important business process supporting the user centered knowledge service. The function expansion of the cataloging system and its support for new cataloging rules have made the cataloging organization become the center for metadata management and control,which is responsible for the full life cycle management of metadata and a series of applications around metadata. These changes also put forward higher requirements for the optimization of cataloging process and the improvement of professional skill of catalogers.
Based on the principle of FAIR,this paper proposes the construction of a unified metadata management framework,semantic and structured knowledge representation and the realization of semantic enhanced metadata. The unified metadata management framework includes resource layer,business layer,system layer and service layer. The resource layer includes various forms of resource objects. The business layer aims to form a standardized process of metadata processing,and realize the management of different life cycle stages of metadata. The system layer builds a metadata repository,establishes the mapping of different metadata standards,and realizes the conversion between metadata records. The service layer provides various basic and value added metadata services inside and outside the library. The semantic and structuring of metadata is embodied by refining the elements in the metadata standard,using the classes and attributes of ontology to describe a series of specifications for its elements,and fully defining the relationship types between elements to reflect the relationship between different data units,so as to facilitate data reprocessing,analysis and reuse. Semantic enhancement needs to rely on a wide range of internal and external resources to achieve multi party cooperation with publishing houses,database vendors,museums,archives and other institutions. Through mapping,integration,association and other means,the content of metadata can be enriched continuously and achieve the purpose of expanding the internal metadata of the library. 2 figs. 1 tab. 24 refs.
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