| 胡小菁,李恺.MARC四十年的发展及其未来[J].中国图书馆学报,2010,36(2): |
| Forty Years of MARC and Beyond |
| MARC四十年的发展及其未来 |
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| DOI： |
| Key words:Machine-Readable Catalog,MARC format,UNIMARC,USMARC |
| 中文关键词: 机读目录，MARC格式，UNIMARC，USMARC |
| 基金项目: |
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| Abstract: |
| On the development of MARC, the contribution made by CLR and Henriette Avram was critical. Because of its practicability, an initiative metadata scheme, a text file type, using the experience of other libraries, and cost analysis of cataloging workflow, MARC lasts for 40 yeas. IFLA and various countries developed UNIMARC and other MARC formats respectively after 1970s. From 1990s, there is a trend in turning to USMARC/MARC 21 and MARCs in XML. MARC will include more information, use external data, and integrate with FRBR. MARC may eventually return to an interchange format. 26 refs. |
| 中文摘要: |
| MARC问世至今已有40年，图书馆资源委员会与艾弗拉姆的贡献至关重要。MARC首创元数据标识系统，采用纯文本文件，开发过程中吸收他馆经验并进行编目工作流程成本分析，提供了实用的产品，因而长盛不衰。MARC问世后，国际图联（IFLA）和各国相继开发了UNIMARC和本国MARC，20世纪90年代后出现转向USMARC/MARC21的趋势，XML格式的MARC成为新的方向。未来MARC将包含更丰富的信息，直接利用外部数据并结合FRBR，最终有可能回归书目数据的交换格式。 参考文献26。 |
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