| 吴民祥.由“普世价值”到“中国化”:近代教会大学图书馆功能演变[J].中国图书馆学报,2015,41(3):58~70 |
| From the “Universal Value” to “Sinicize”:The Function Evolution of Modern Church University Libraries |
| 由“普世价值”到“中国化”:近代教会大学图书馆功能演变 |
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| DOI：10.13530/j.cnki.jlis.153006 |
| Key words:Church university Library Function evolution Sinicize |
| 中文关键词: 教会大学 图书馆 功能演变 中国化 |
| 基金项目:本文系教育部人文社会科学规划研究项目“由启蒙到学术:百年中国大学图书馆功能演变研究”(编号:12YJA880123)的研究成果之一 |
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| Abstract: |
Based on the theories of “modern history”, the researches on the church university library have gone beyond the “revolutionary paradigm” to study the objective facts from the perspective of the Library Science (collection, management, construction etc.). However, the studies on the evolution of the library function have not been involved. From a new perspective of cultural conflict of “Global Localization”, this article has reviewed the evolution of church university library function to reveal the cultural conflict and interaction of modern western learning process from the angle of history development.
The Christian missionary movement had its feature in arousing global awareness from the very beginning. The early church universities were in the atmosphere of “the missionary organ first, and then the educational institution”. To have the Christian “universal value”, the church university libraries had played the role of spreading western learnings. At the same time, facing the strong subsumption force and self-identity of Chinese culture, they had constantly been adjusted to the “Chinese” direction, to reflect the getting-rid-of “cultural functions” in the process of the conflict between Chinese and western culture. Having experienced the role from “missionaries” to “educators” to “social entrepreneurs”, the library was an epitome of Chinese and western cultural exchange and collision.At the end of the 19th Century to the early 20th Century, church university had teachers and students of high proportion of believers, and had a strong religious atmosphere. At the time, church university libraries were mainly managed by the westerners, paid attention to the collection of western books, and served for teachers and students in the school. Its function was around the “Gospel”. It had played the role of “religion”.However, in the face of “Gospel” impact，Chinese people showed strong identity with their own culture. In the process of construction of the modern nation-state in China, church universities had to adjust strategies to Chinese nationalist aspirations. Church university library target was moving towards the Chinese direction. Due to the fact that the church university had actively published academic books and periodicals, collected extensively rare books, the amount of storage was increasing rapidly. To the mid 30's, Christian university had 1/4 for all the national university library books. The rich collection of books laid a foundation for a better service in academy and education. The library activities reflected the functions of the “educator” feature.
Influenced by the twentieth century 30's Chinese ideology and social transformation, Church university had actively taken part in the social construction of China, for example, the library function showed a “regional concern”. In the service of rural construction and research field, Agricultural Library Research Department of Jinling University Library had collected, collated, compilated, and published a large number of agricultural and geographic books. The performance was particularly notable. In the public education, Church university libraries cultivated actively library talents to serve in government agencies, academic groups and schools in order to promote the education of the masses. In the special environment during the Anti-Japanese War, Church university libraries, through the establishment of public library, itinerant library, and publishing books, had promoted the scientific and cultural knowledge and had participated in the national liberation movement. Church university libraries, working in the social service, had displayed their function based on local “social entrepreneurs” feature. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 与近代教会大学相伴而生的教会大学图书馆，在基督教“普世价值”的主导下，首先扮演着西学东渐的角色，但是面对中华文化强大的包摄力与自我认同，不断做出调整。主要表现在：馆藏文献不再以宗教书籍为主，门类和数量有所增加；出版学术书刊，服务乡村建设与研究；培养图书馆专门人才，推动民众教育；在抗战的特殊环境中参与民族解放运动。近代教会大学图书馆的“中国化”，体现了中西文化冲突过程中的去“文化涵化”现象，其功能经历了由“传教士”到“教育家”再到“社会家”的演变过程，不失为中西文化交流与碰撞的一个缩影。表6。参考文献35。 |
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