| 李明杰.数字环境下古籍整理范式的传承与拓新[J].中国图书馆学报,2015,41(5):99~110 |
| The Inheritance and Innovation of Ancient Book Collation Paradigm in the Digital Environment |
| 数字环境下古籍整理范式的传承与拓新 |
| Received:June 11, 2015 Revised:July 07, 2015 |
| DOI：10.13530/j.cnki.jlis.155008 |
| Key words:Collation of ancient books Digitization of ancient books Datamation of ancient books Discipline para⁃digm |
| 中文关键词: 古籍整理 古籍数字化 古籍数据化 学科范式 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Abstract: |
Collating ancient books has a long history in China and has formed a kind of relatively stable pattern. In Han Dynasty, a famous philologist named Liu Xiang created a general procedure and a set of methods to collate Chinese ancient books, which included collecting various editions of the same book, choosing an appropriate title for the book, reordering papers, correcting words, making a fair copy of the final version, cataloging and classifying books. This procedure and the set of methods had developed into the basic paradigm of collating ancient books because of their wide range of applications and profound academic influence in ancient China.
However, in the process of “Eastward spread of Western learning and cultural awareness” in modern times, the basic structure of Chinese traditional learning which consisted of Confucian classics, history, philosophy and belles-letters was broken. At the same time, some studies which were formerly ignored got more attention and many new subjects appeared. As a result, a split generated correspondingly in Liu Xiang’s generally applicable paradigm of collating ancient books. From the perspective of Historiography, Literature and Library Science, this paper selected some representative monographs on collating ancient books in these three disciplinary fields, introduced and compared their different definitions about the concept of “ancient book collation”. On the base of that, the author argues that Liu Xiang’s paradigm can be subdivided into four branches in the present paper environment such as the paradigm of restoring the text of ancient books, the paradigm of annotating ancient authors original ideas, the paradigm of cataloging and compiling ancient books and the paradigm of preserving the physical entity of ancient books. The paper analyzes the different principles for collating ancient books according to these four paradigms and points out their respective function of paradigms in the traditional process of collating ancient books.
Since the 1970s, with the wide application of modern information technologies based on computer in the collation of ancient books, these four paradigms mentioned above have extended themselves into the collation of digital ancient books from that of traditional paper ancient books and a new paradigm of “datalizing” the knowledge in ancient books has been created gradually, which means the digital ancient books are not only the result of the collation but also the data and source materials for the next collation. Through fine grained data processing of numerous ancient books, the modes to acquire, annotate, compare, interpret and represent the knowledge in ancient books will fundamentally change. This is the biggest innovation of ancient book collation paradigm under the digital environment. Based on a large number of case studies, the paper probes into the development and innovation route of ancient book collation paradigm under the digital environment and argues that the new paradigm of “datalizing” the knowledge will give a revolutionary influence on the collation of digital ancient books and the research of humane social studies in the future. The value of this study is to reveal the development law of ancient book collation paradigm from the complicated practice of collating ancient books. 1 fig. 37 refs.
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| 中文摘要: |
| 中国的古籍整理以其悠久的历史形成了一种相对稳定和固化的模式,其标志就是西汉成帝时刘向等人开创的文献整理的一般程序和方法。这套程序和方法因其广泛的适用性和深远的学术影响,成为中国古代典籍整理的基本范式。近代以来学科的发展和分化,使得两千年来稳定不变的古籍整理范式细化出四种适应于不同学科需要的类型:古籍文本的复原性整理、古籍语义的解释性整理、古籍内容的组织性整理和古籍实体的保存性整理。随着现代信息技术在古籍整理中的深度应用,以上四种范式也从传统的纸本古籍整理延伸到了古籍的数字化整理之中,并衍生出一种新的范式类型——古籍知识的数据化整理,即不仅把数字化古籍看作古籍整理的结果,更是把它作为下一步古籍整理的数据和素材。新范式将对数字古籍整理和人文社会科学研究方法带来深刻的影响。图1。参考文献37。 |
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