| 叶继元.学术图书、学术著作、学术专著概念辨析[J].中国图书馆学报,2016,42(1):21~29 |
| A Study on the Concepts of Academic Book, Academic Writing and Academic Monograph |
| 学术图书、学术著作、学术专著概念辨析 |
| Received:August 17, 2015 |
| DOI：10.13530/j.cnki.jlis.160002 |
| Key words:Academic book Academic writing Academic monograph Academic publishing Term norm Humanities and Social Science |
| 中文关键词: 学术图书 学术著作 学术专著 学术出版 术语规范 人文社会科学 |
| 基金项目:本文系教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目(科研诚信和学风建设)重大课题“学术规范和学科方法论研究”(编号:11JDZF001)及国家社会科学基金重点项目“我国战略性新兴产业的信息资源保障体系与服务模式研究”(编号:11AZD082)的研究成果之一 |
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| Abstract: |
The academic books，academic writings and academic monographs are major carriers of academic presentations and research results. As important information resources，they are also very important for the innovation oriented countries. While now in China，neither the academia nor the press and management circles did truly understand the meaning of the above three terms. Thus it has an adverse impact on the bibliographic statistics and management of academic research and academic books. In order to clarify the concept and lay the foundation for the research and practice，this article，through the concept analysis method，analyzes the meaning of “book”，“writing”，“monograph” and “academic”，integrates the points of view of most researchers，identifies the various forms of academic publishing in present China and comes to the following conclusion：academic books should be taken as hypernym，while academic writings should be taken as hyponym of academic books and academic monographs should be taken as hyponym of academic writings. Therefore，it is inappropriate to take them as synonyms. Academic books refer to the books with content of a subject or a field，having certain innovation，being valuable to professional study and research and usually having literature comments，references or index，etc. They include academic writings，academic paper compilation/proceedings，conference proceedings，college degree and above teaching materials/textbooks and reference books，the major writing manner of which is “writing”，some are “compiling” and very few is “editing”. Academic writing refers to the books focusing on a problem or a project with innovation and logic and self justification，including academic monographs，academic progress review，research guides，manuals，etc，the major writing manner of which is writing，some are compiling and barely editing. Academic monographs refer to the works focusing on a particular subject，a field or a project，which are concentrated，systematic，comprehensive and in depth discussions. They generally have unique insights to the specific problem，and mostly are works written by either a single person or two or three people who create a system of their own. They include single volume monographs，multi volume monographs and monographic series，the major writing manner of which is all writing，not compiling nor editing. The clear concepts of academic books，academic writings and academic monographs writing will help to count the species and amount of academic books accurately. These statistics will not only be playing an important role in the budgets and collection development of academic，research libraries and intelligence agencies，but also in the publication administration，funds allocation from trust institutions and even in all kinds of database construction and evaluation of academic books，etc. Meanwhile，this article suggests that the core concepts of humanities and social science research be very important and their definition should be paid attention to like those in natural sciences. The research community may form some consensus over term definition and publish the core concepts in the form of textbooks，reference books or term specification lists in order to strengthen the research basis. Qualitative research is the basis of quantitative research. Clarifying the concepts and terms and defining their connotation and denotation are the foundation of obtaining more accurate data. Clear concept definition is very important，but it should not be over stressed，leading to ignorance of the fast growing publication practice. Publications are artifacts and the connotation and denotation of existing concepts are constantly modified or summarized，therefore the positive interaction between theory and practice will make the study of the concepts more meaningful. 13 refs.
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| 中文摘要: |
| 学术图书、学术著作、学术专著是学术活动和研究成果的重要呈现载体,是社会发展所需要的重要信息资源,然而目前学界、出版界、管理界对这些概念理解不一,在实际使用中也存在歧义和混淆,进而使统计数据不一致。本文通过概念分析法,对当前中国各种形态的学术出版物实体进行分析和辨别,认为将这三个术语看成同义词、同位词是不合适的,应将学术图书作为上位概念,将学术著作、学术专著作为下位、再下位概念,进而概括出学术图书、学术著作与学术专著的简明、操作性强的定义。概念清晰、术语规范将有助于统计我国每年出版的学术图书、学术著作和学术专著品种数量,获取较准确的数据,有助于学术研究和实务管理。建议我国人文社会科学的研究,务必重视常用术语的规范研究和基本数据的准确统计,国家有关部门或学术评价机构应增加对学术图书、学术著作、学术专著的专项统计,以夯实研究和管理的基础。参考文献13。 |
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