| 何光伦,王嘉陵.现代视野下省级图书馆职能演变及定位[J].中国图书馆学报,2019,45(2):57~71 |
| The Function Evolution and Orientation of Provincial Libraries under the Modern Vision |
| 现代视野下省级图书馆职能演变及定位 |
| Received:December 24, 2018 Revised:February 25, 2019 |
| DOI： |
| Key words:Public libraries Provincial libraries Function evolution Modern vision The Public Library Law of the People's Republic of China |
| 中文关键词: 公共图书馆 省级图书馆 职能演变 现代视野 中华人民共和国公共图书馆法 |
| 基金项目:本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“清末民国时期图书馆事业档案整理与研究”（编号:15ZDB128）的研究成果之一 |
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| Abstract: |
| The public library is influenced by the eastward development of the west and comes into being and develops along with China's pursuit of modernization. Some provincial libraries are the earliest public library established in modern China. They play an important role in Chinese modern society and the history of library development. It is of great significance for the research of Chinese library history, the orientation and development of provincial libraries in the future to follow the development track and the evolution of functions of provincial libraries in different periods. Since the establishment of provincial libraries, their functions have changed repeatedly due to the impact of social environment and the overall development of library undertakings. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, 14 provincial libraries in 13 provinces were established, whose functions were to provide open borrowing and reading, preserve culture, spread civilization and open up people's wisdom. In the early period of the republic of China, provincial libraries were set up in every province. Under the republican system, some county and city public libraries were set up, and provincial libraries were no longer unique. Then the provincial libraries were mostly led by distinguished scholars and were much better than the county and city libraries in general. Compared with county and city libraries, the provincial libraries could overcome the hardship of survival and became the library with the best quality at that time. In addition to the functions of preservation, borrowing and reference, they also developed the research and counseling functions for county and city libraries. However, due to frequent wars and lack of social and economic support, the realization of the guidance function of provincial libraries had been affected. After the founding of the new China, the national unification laid the solid foundation for the construction of libraries. The provincial libraries were developed in terms of funds, storage, premises and personnel, and their research and counseling functions were well realized. At the same time, the coordination and collaboration functions were increased, and the provincial libraries were established as the center of the regional libraries. After the Reform and Opening up in 1978, economic development and social transformation and technological transformation supported the all round development of library undertakings, and the number of municipal and county level libraries has doubled, and the scale of provincial library guidance, training and coordination has formed. Since entering the new century, the buildings, automation systems and digital library construction, the literature information resources, the librarians quantity, scope of business of provincial libraries were increased, and the cultural information resources sharing project and the national digital library project added cohesion and coordination of the provincial libraries, and the extroverted function of provincial libraries got more comprehensive and in depth improvement and implement. Now, in the background of the Public Library Lawand local public library legislation, the future libraries should do well in the allocation of resources at the provincial level and play a guiding and promoting role in the platform construction, resources construction, conservation, and service more through coaching, training, collaboration, coordination, standards, project management, technical support, legislation, construction of public library service system and even the whole development of library cause. It is reasonable that provincial libraries keep pace with the times and adjust the focus and the allocation of resources. 22 refs. |
| 中文摘要: |
公共图书馆是受西学东渐影响,伴随着中国追寻现代化的历程而产生和发展起来的。省级图书馆在中国近现代社会和图书馆发展史上起到了重要的作用,追寻省级图书馆的发展轨迹及不同时期职能的演变,对于中国图书馆史的研究,以及明确未来省级图书馆的定位和发展,具有重要意义。清末民初初创省级图书馆,其职能主要是收集文献、开放借阅、保存文化、传播文明、开启民智。民国时期,除保存、借阅和参考咨询职能外,增加了对县市图书馆的研究辅导职能。新中国成立后,省级图书馆发挥协作协调的职能,作为区域中心图书馆的地位得到确立。1978年改革开放后,经济社会转型和技术转型支持图书馆事业全面发展,省级图书馆辅导、培训、协作协调的规模逐渐形成。进入新世纪,省级图书馆负有研究、指导、引领和推动公共图书馆事业发展及公共图书馆服务体系建设的职能。在《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》实施的时代背景下,省级图书馆面向未来,应以三个中心（省文献信息资源保障中心、省公共图书馆培训和研究中心、省公共图书馆工作协作协调中心）建设支持新的职能定位,确定工作任务,调整服务重点,从普及服务向特色服务、深度服务转型,对公共文化服务体系建设和图书馆事业的整体发展起到引领和推动作用。参考文献22。
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