| 饶权.中国图书馆事业的历史经验与转型发展[J].中国图书馆学报,2019,45(5):15~26 |
| The Experience and Transformation of Chinese Librarianship |
| 中国图书馆事业的历史经验与转型发展 |
| Received:September 09, 2019 Revised:September 09, 2019 |
| DOI： |
| Key words:Library Cultural confidence Transformation Digital civilization Information ecology Cultural space |
| 中文关键词: 图书馆 文化自信 转型发展 数字文明 信息生态 文化空间 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Abstract: |
In the over one hundred years of development, the Chinese librarianship has explored a road of development with Chinese characteristics and has made remarkable progress. 1) Establishing the vertically and horizontally interconnected library system which includes the National Library of China (NLC), libraries in the provinces, cities and counties, libraries in township multi functioned cultural stations, libraries at universities, primary and secondary schools as well as scientific research institutions, countryside book houses, and book houses for employees as an integrated system. 2) Promoting the balanced development of librarianship. By the end of the 11th Five Year Plan, the goal that libraries are available in every single county had basically been achieved, and grass roots lending services under counties have been improving. 3) Realizing the digital and network transformation of libraries. The library community has made significant progress in building digital library service platforms, key technologies research and development, digital resources construction, and digital information service and so on. We are establishing a digital library service platform with unified standard and interconnection, and are exploring smart libraries. 4) Advancing joint cognizing, construction and sharing of information resources. The three dimensional resource guarantee system which coordinates overall the nation, regions and industries has gradually been formed. The joint cognizing, construction and sharing of information resources is implemented through cooperative cataloging systems, distributed material delivery networks, and joint resource purchasing platform and so on. 5) Pushing forward multicultural exchanges and mutual learning. The National Library of China (NLC) has established publications exchange relations with 550 institutions in more than 110 countries and regions, and signed strategic cooperation agreement with 52 libraries around the world. Chinese libraries and librarians are expressing opinions, making suggestions and contributing their wisdom to the international librarianship.
In the new era, librarianship is confronted with new economical and social environments. 1) Chinese economy is increasing in both quality and quantity. Libraries also face the inherent requirement of turning to high quality development. 2) Profound changes in social structure. The contradiction of unbalanced and inadequate development in economic and social development still exists. Libraries must take the initiative to bridge the digital divide, and eliminate information poverty, providing more effective support and services for the public to gain equal access and participation. 3) The surging of information waves. Technologies such as big data, cloud computing and mapping knowledge domain provide technical support for smart services of libraries, and also put forward new requirements for services of smart learning and collaborative innovation. 4) Comprehensively implementing the strategy for building up the strength of the nation through cultural development. With cultural conservation and inheritance as its core mission, the library is an important constituent of public cultural affairs and public cultural service system. It should make contributions to consolidating cultural confidence and building a cultural power.
Looking into the future, the librarianship enters a new high quality developmental era. The Chinese library community should actively adapt itself to the open and pluralistic environment brimming with information service competition and cooperation, rethink over functions of the library, make a new use of its core advantages, and look for solutions to the following epochal topics of creative development of librarianship. 1) Safeguarding the development of diversified civilizations in the digital age. We should expand the scope of library collection and preservation of memories, and build a three dimensional resource system so that library collections can present the diversity of civilizations. 2) Creating new ecosystem of information services in the era of openness and sharing. Libraries should give full play to their professional advantage in information and knowledge processing, compilation and discovery, and enhance openness and sharing to other information service resources in the global knowledge and information context. The value of the library will be embodied in the professional integration, screening and organization of resources and services. 3) Creating new space for cultural experience in the era of general well being. We can create unique values for the library in the new era by constantly exploring and enriching the cultural atmosphere in the library and actively committed to building cultural space that connects people and people, people and society, people and civilization, people and knowledge, people and the future. 18 refs. |
| 中文摘要: |
中国图书馆事业在百余年的发展历程中,走出了一条独具特色的图书馆事业发展道路,取得了举世瞩目的成就: 建立纵横联动的图书馆体系；促进图书馆事业均衡发展；实现图书馆数字化网络化转型发展；推进文献信息资源共知共建共享；推动多元文化交流互鉴。新时代,图书馆事业发展面临新的经济社会环境:经济发展量质齐升；社会结构深刻变革；信息化浪潮蓬勃兴起；文化强国战略全面实施。面向未来,图书馆事业开启高质量发展新时代。中国图书馆应主动适应开放、多元的信息服务竞争合作环境,重新思考图书馆的功能定位,打造图书馆的核心优势,解答图书馆事业创新发展的时代命题,包括:数字文明时代,守护多样态文明新发展；开放共享时代,打造信息服务新生态；美好生活时代,打造文化体验新空间。参考文献18。
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