| 卢超,章成志,王玉琢,Ding Ying.语义特征分析的深化——学术文献的全文计量分析研究综述[J].中国图书馆学报,2021,47(2):110~131 |
| Strengthened Analyses of Semantic Features:Review of Full text Bibliometrics of Academic Documents |
| 语义特征分析的深化——学术文献的全文计量分析研究综述 |
| Received:January 01, 2020 Revised:March 05, 2021 |
| DOI： |
| Key words:Citation content analysis.Full document bibliometric analysis.Semantic feature analysis.Natural language process.Information extraction. |
| 中文关键词: 引文内容分析 全文计量分析 语义特征分析 自然语言处理 信息抽取 |
| 基金项目:本文系国家自然科学基金青年项目“劳动分工视角下科研合作者的科研效能研究”（编号:72004054）和国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于学术文献全文内容的细粒度算法实体抽取与评估研究”（编号:72074113）的研究成果之一 |
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| Abstract: |
Since the establishment of SCI,citation analysis,purely using bibliographic data,has been applied to multiple research areas. However,with the growing need in reality,inherent limitations of the citation analysis have brought obstacles to a comprehensive evaluation of examinees scientific impact. The abundance of full text data from scientific documents instead provides an opportunity for us to deepen and widen bibliometric studies. Thus,this article seeks to understand the influential progress of each branch of studies in full text bibliometric analysis,analyze issues and problems faced and signify the outlook ahead through a systematic review of studies in this area.
This paper builds search queries to access related literature from several databases. We get 67 related research articles on Web of Science,69 on CNKI （China National Knowledge Infrastructure）,and 29 conference proceedings on ACM digital library. These 165 articles with necessary literature searched from Google Scholar comprise this literature survey.
After reading the collected articles,we first introduce related concepts in this area of study,then we review these studies in four folds,which are bibliometric research using citation content analysis and its applications,bibliometric research using full text analysis and its applications,potential limitations in this area of study and outlook ahead. The findings from our survey suggest that bibliometrics shifts its focus from articles bibliographic features to their content features. Citation content features have attracted wide attention,with numerous application studies published. As to limitations,from the macro perspective,two major limitations emerge. One is the unequal development in different aspects of this area of studies and the other is that full text bibliometrics is still on its initial way from syntactic feature analysis to semantic feature analysis. From the micro perspective,two of the limitations are:first,there are still obstacles to obtain the full text data; second,more analytic methodology is on demand to facilitate the full text bibliometrics.
This paper summarizes the future directions of full text bibliometric studies in five folds. First,this area of study shall be further transformed in four ways:more refined research objects,more diverse research perspectives,more semantic indicators and features,and more comprehensive evaluative outcomes. Second,this area shall be explored with more disciplinary theories. Third,research shall be conducted on more sources of data. Fourth,a richer methodology shall be introduced. Fifth,research shall be well combined with academic service and evaluation in reality. 4 figs. 157 refs.
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| 中文摘要: |
文献题录数据和引文数据在传统文献计量研究中的应用存在着诸多的障碍和壁垒。随着自然语言处理技术的发展和学术文献全文数据特别是结构化全文数据的丰富,这些障碍和壁垒在不断被攻克。通过综述学术文献全文计量分析的相关研究成果,本文发现:学术文献的计量研究正在经历巨大转变——从聚焦于学术文献的外部特征到开始关注内容特征,从关注学术文献的句法特征到重视语义特征乃至语用特征。以引文内容分析为代表的学术文献全文计量分析研究发展突出,其他全文信息的计量分析工作也崭露头角。目前,全文计量分析中各个研究方向的发展程度参差不齐,部分研究方向尚处于萌芽阶段,相关研究的研究方法和数据仍待继续加强或丰富。未来全文计量分析研究需要多个学科的广泛参与和相互合作,出版商与学者应积极参与到全文计量分析研究中来；需要对学术文献进行更加全面的认识,从而推动全文计量分析向客体细粒度化、视角多样化、指标语义化和评价结果全面化等方向不断迈进,并促进全文计量分析与学术服务和学术评价工作的有机结合,使文献计量学能够更好地为学术活动服务。图4。参考文献157。
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