| 陈力,王安东.王国维《尔雅疏》研究及其文献学方法探析[J].中国图书馆学报,2025,51(6):33~48 |
| 王国维《尔雅疏》研究及其文献学方法探析 |
| WANG Guowei's Research on Eryashu and His Philological Methods |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 王国维 《尔雅疏》 单疏本 文献学 二重证据法 |
| 英文关键词: WANG Guowei Eryashu Single commentary edition Philology Dual evidence method |
基金项目:本文系国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国古代类书的知识组织与应用研究”（项目编号:25ATQ002）的研究成果。
［1］吴修艺. 王国维版本目录学的成就——《传书堂藏善本书志》研究之一 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 137 |
| 全文下载次数: 107 |
| 中文摘要: |
王国维治学以文献学为基础,所纂《传书堂藏书志》是中国文献学史上一部十分重要的著作。在编纂该书志过程中,王国维曾对大量的重要文献进行深入研究,撰写了大量校记、书志,反映了他深厚的文献学素养、科学细密的研究方法,其中尤以对宋刊单疏本《尔雅疏》的研究最具典范意义。乾嘉以来,学术界对儒家经典单疏本日渐重视,但着眼点多在校勘价值上,考察较为局限。王国维将密韵楼藏宋刊《尔雅疏》与阮元《十三经注疏》、陆心源翻刻《尔雅疏》进行对勘,辨别考察密韵楼藏本修板情况,根据相关史料,反复斟酌,先后撰写三篇书志、一篇跋文、四篇校记,最后推翻前人“北宋咸平原刊”之说,指出此书为南宋初年覆刻于浙江。以此为基础,由对《尔雅疏》的研究延伸到对五代至明初监本诸经刊刻的渊源、过程、板片递藏修补的全面梳理,写出了中国文献学史上两部重要著作《五代两宋监本考》与《两浙古刊本考》。王国维对《尔雅疏》的研究,继承了乾嘉以来的文献学研究传统,纯熟运用校勘学、版本学方法,又将“二重证据法”运用于文献学研究中,以传统史料为基础,广泛征引敦煌遗书、域外文献等新材料,学术视野宏阔,研究深入细密,由个案到系统,其文献学研究范式值得借鉴,文献学研究方法值得继承和发扬。表2。参考文献35。
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| 英文摘要: |
WANG Guowei's scholarship was firmly rooted in philology. His systematic study of philology began with the fundamentals—cataloging,textual collations,and edition studies. His Chuanshutang Cangshuzhi is a highly significant work in the history of Chinese philology. During its compilation,WANG conducted extensive research on numerous important texts and produced a large number of collation notes and bibliographical essays. These works fully demonstrate his profound philological expertise and meticulous scholarly approach. Among them,his research on the Song Dynasty printed single commentary edition of Eryashu stands out as a model.
Since the Qianlong and Jiaqing reigns,increasing attention has been paid to single commentary editions of Confucian classics,yet most studies have focused narrowly on their collation value.WANG Guowei compared the Miyunlou Song dynasty edition of Eryashu with RUAN Yuan's Shisanjing Zhushu and LU Xinyuan's reprinted edition. By examining printing features and drawing on the Miyunlou edition,he wrote three bibliographical essays,one postscript,and four sets of collation notes. Ultimately,he overturned the earlier view that the edition dated to the Xianping reign of the Northern Song Dynasty,concluding instead that it was a Southern Song reprint produced in Zhejiang. Building on this study,he extended his investigation to a comprehensive study of the origins,processes,preservation,and repair of the printing blocks of the imperially commissioned texts from the Five Dynasties to the early Ming period,resulting in two landmark works in Chinese philological history:Jianbenkao of the Five Dynasties and Song Dynasties and Liangzhe Gukanbenkao.
WANG's research on Eryashu inherited the philological tradition of the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods,skillfully applying methods of textual criticism and edition studies. He further incorporated the “dual evidence method” into philological research,grounding his work in traditional sources while also drawing on new materials such as Dunhuang Manuscripts and foreign texts. His scholarly vision was broad,and his analysis was detailed and rigorous. Starting from a single case study,he moved beyond the text itself to explore its connections with related materials,revealing patterns of development and transformation—an approach that reflects the depth of true scholarship. His research paradigm and methods remain highly valuable for contemporary philological studies. 2 tabs. 35 refs.
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