Page 127 - JOURNAL OF LIBRARY SCIENCE IN CHINA 2015 Vol. 41

126 Journal of Library Science in China, Vol. 7, 2015

with the expectations during the process of use, they will feel satisfied and perceive usefulness.
User’s satisfaction and perceived usefulness both affect user’s continued use intention. Later,
based on related theories like social cognition, Bhattacherjee amended the ECM-ISC by extending
the dependent variable of the model from continued use intention to continued use behavior and
adding two variables of IT Self-Efficacy and Facilitating Conditions (Bhattacherjee, Perols, &
Sanford, 2008). The ECM-ISC and its extended model can better explain IS user’s use behavior
and have evoked a strong repercussion in the academic community.
Based on rational cognition, the ECM-ISC and its extended model emphasize more on user’s
perception of the tool characteristics of information system and impact of user’s beliefs on user’s
attitudes, intentions and use behaviors (Bhattacherjee, 2001; Bhattacherjee et al., 2008). The ECM-
ISC begins with user’s extrinsic motivations, and analyzes the relationship between users cognition
of system efficacy and the use intention and attitude; it does not consider the impact of user’s
intrinsic motivations on the use intention. The reason of this may lie in that the ECM-ISC’s object
of study is the utilitarian information systems in workplace; such information systems are driven
by user’s extrinsic motivations and work pressure, etc. For entertainment information systems,
such as micro-blogs, users mainly use them in non-workplace or scenarios irrelevant to work (L.
C. Liu et al., 2012; Oh, Agrawal, & Rao, 2013), in which the user behavior is mainly driven by
intrinsic motivations.
In the ECM-ISC, user’s satisfaction is only affected by the expectation confirmation variable.
This view has been questioned by other researchers. Oliver believes that satisfaction is affected
by both cognition and affections of consumers (Oliver, 1993). In the process of consumption,
consumers compare their expectations with the actual consumption experience. If actual
experience is better than the expected, they will feel satisfied; otherwise they will feel unsatisfied.
This is the impact of consumer’s cognition on satisfaction, which is consistent with the analysis of
satisfaction in the ECM-ISC theory. But Oliver also believes that consumers’ affective states in the
consumption process affect their judgment on satisfaction, too, that is, satisfaction is also affected
by consumers’ affections. This is precisely what the ECM-ISC has ignored.
Psychological researches show that cognitive models cannot fully cover the pre-factors of
behavior; affections also play a strong or even critical role in behavior by affecting people’s
beliefs and attitudes and guiding their decisions and actions (Ping, 2013). Relative to the
evaluation on the rational basis or the cognitive basis, people’s affective reactions are often
able to show more similarities (Pham, Cohen, Pracejus, & Hughes, 2001). In the context of
the study of information system, existing research results show that fun, immersion and other
affective variables can better capture the overall use experience of information system; they are
the important concepts used to explain the adoption behavior of information system (Agarwal
& Karahanna, 2000). Sometimes the impact of affections on intention is greater than that of
cognition (Jiang, J. Chan, Tan, Chua, 2010; Van der Heijden, 2004). These studies all prove that
the focus on affections can improve our understanding on user’s acceptance or resistance of the