| 袁曦临,王 骏,刘 禄.纸质阅读与数字阅读理解效果实验研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2015,41(5):35~46 |
| 纸质阅读与数字阅读理解效果实验研究 |
| Experimental Study on Reading Comprehension Effects of Paper Reading and Digital Reading |
| 投稿时间：2015-05-14 修订日期：2015-06-12 |
| DOI：10.13530/j.cnki.jlis.155003 |
| 中文关键词: 纸质阅读 数字阅读 阅读理解 认知能力 |
| 英文关键词: Paper reading Digital reading Reading comprehension Cognitive ability |
| 基金项目:本文系国家社科基金项目“数字阅读机制与导读策略研究”(编号:13BTQ023)的研究成果之一 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 网络及数字化技术的发展,在促进文字信息激增和阅读载体形态改变的同时,也改变了读者的阅读行为和阅读习惯。本研究采用实验方法从阅读理解和记忆保持层面研究纸质阅读与数字阅读的差异。研究发现:对于同一阅读材料,相比纸质阅读,数字阅读更倾向于跳读和略读；在理解认知方面,两组对于简单信息的处理加工表现无差别,但数字阅读对于复杂信息的认知加工效果略差；在长期记忆方面,数字阅读表现逊于纸质阅读,内化阅读材料的能力较弱。研究揭示,在数字环境中读者有必要训练自己对两种阅读方式的适应度,以获得阅读理解效果的整体提升。图2。表3。参考文献学12。 |
| 英文摘要: |
With the development of the network and digital technology, the amount of literature increases rapidly. Meanwhile the reading media is changing and affecting reader's reading behavior patterns.Reading is complex information processing, including a series of cognitive understanding behaviors carried out by readers alternately, such as phonological analysis, morphological analysis, lexical analysis, syntax analysis, meaning understanding and reasoning.So measuring the cognitive understanding effects of reading could reflect the reading comprehension ability.Current research is mainly based on paper books, but digital reading has become the trend today.Mobile phone is the major reading device and readers enjoy reading news and novels.So processing of digital reading comprehension is becoming the focus of reading study.
Controlled experiment was designed to find the difference of the cognitive understanding level between paper reading group and digital reading group.The design of questionnaire is based on the testing framework of PISA(Program for International Student Assessment).The test embraced 4 aspects including description, summarization, reasoning and memory.Edgar Allan Poe's short story “Black Cat” was selected as the test text, for it contained more details, tale or narrative, meaning through metaphor and symbolic significance; those could meet the test requirement.The reading test was divided into 2 groups with 20 readers in each group, Group A for paper book, and Group B for e-book.All readers were from Southeast University Literary Society.The experiment worked out in 2 stages.Phase 1 was spot field test of reading for 15-20 minutes.Bhth groups were required to complete the same test questionnaires.Phase 2 was carried out a month later after the two groups had finished the questionnaires, and readers were required to answer the same questionnaire again without re-reading Poe's novel.Their answers were returned by mail.
Comparative analysis and descriptive statistical method were adopted to analyze the experimental data and the differences between the two groups and the changes in the earlier and later periods.Then combined field observation and interview were carried out in order to describe the basic features and patterns about paper reading and digital reading, and the differences as well as similarities between the two groups.
The results show that, 1) Group B's reading speed for e-book was faster than Group A for p-book.Croup A's reading pattern was row by row, and often looked back in the reading process.And Group B's reading pattern was screen for screen, usually browsed over the whole screen, and seldom looked back.For the same text, Group B tended to skip and skim; 2) No significant difference was found in understanding and remembering the simple details of the story between the two groups, nor in the forgetting rate.But to the intricate details of the story, the correct rate of Group B is much lower than that of Group A.And in understanding comprehension and associative memory, Group B showed significant difference from Group A.The experiment results showed that reading cognitive understanding of Group A in p-book was better than that of Group B in e-book.Misunbsp;sunderstanding and forgetting appeared more often in Group B.Readers in Group B could not summarize and generalize the central idea of the story well; 3) Pointed comments and notes in the text could make direct and significant impact on two groups, even influence and control their judgment.
The experimental results show that readers doing digital reading are more likely to skip and skim.In terms of recognition, no significant difference for simple information processing between the two groups, but for complex information processing, the performance of digital reading group is slightly worse.In long-term memory of the text, the performance of paper reading group is better than digital reading group.Itis necessary to point out that the differences of disciplinary and educational background among readers of the two groups might have some impact on the test results.
Therefore, research shows that paper reading should favor system thinking, deep understanding and long-term memory, and digital reading should strengthen the ability of information access.Readers in digital environment have the necessity to enhance the adaptability of the two reading modes, and develop digital reading skills, so as to lift the level of reading comprehension.The experimental results of study may have certain implications for school teachers, individual learning and library reading promotion. 2 figs. 3 tabs. 12 refs.
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