| 陈力.中国古代的知识工具与古典知识库的建设[J].中国图书馆学报,2023,49(3):19~40 |
| 中国古代的知识工具与古典知识库的建设 |
| The Knowledge Tools of Ancient China and the Construction of Classical Knowledge Repositories |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-24 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 古典知识库 知识工具 类书 数字人文 |
| 英文关键词: Classical knowledge repository Knowledge tool Lei Shu Digital humanities |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 404 |
| 全文下载次数: 391 |
| 中文摘要: |
古典知识库是关于中国古代历史和文化的综合性知识总集,是实现机器学习、人工智能的基础性工具。古典知识库建设是将散布在浩如烟海的文献中的知识析出,经过整理,将无序的知识有序化、体系化、结构化,变成计算机可以处理的数据。古典知识库的建设需要重点考虑以下问题:如何表达知识,如何认识古代知识的不同形态和不同类型,知识单元如何抽取和标引,如何处理隐性知识,如何揭示知识之间的关系。一个能够完整、准确反映中国古代文化特点的古典知识库应满足以下基本条件:支持古代文献的阅读、研究,支持古代文献的全文检索和语义检索,是拥有知识且具智能性的系统,是结构化、标准化、开放的、可扩展的知识平台。类书是中国古代最重要的知识工具,类书的编纂过程就是一个从知识发现到知识标引、知识分类与组织,再到汇编成专门或综合性知识工具的过程。类书从性质、特点到具体的编纂方法,与古典知识库有着高度的一致性,可以为后者提供借鉴和素材。同时,用古代知识名称进行标注的文献如《山海经》《尔雅》《事林广记》《永乐大典》等也是建设古典知识库重要的语料资源。图5。参考文献48。
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| 英文摘要: |
The classical knowledge repository is a comprehensive collection of knowledge about ancient Chinese history and culture,and is a fundamental tool of machine learning and artificial intelligence. The construction of a classical knowledge repository is to extract knowledge from the vast sea of literature,and organize and systematize unordered knowledge into data that can be processed by computers.
The construction of classical knowledge repositories needs to focus on the following aspects:how to express knowledge,how to understand different forms and types of ancient knowledge,how to extract and index knowledge units,how to deal with tacit knowledge,and how to reveal the relationships among knowledge. A classical knowledge repository that can fully and accurately reflect the characteristics of ancient Chinese culture should meet the following basic conditions:supporting the reading and research of ancient literature,supporting full text and semantic retrieval of ancient literature,a system with knowledge and intelligence,a structured,standardized,open,and extensible knowledge platform.
Lei Shu was the most important knowledge tool in ancient China. Its compiling was a process from knowledge discovery to knowledge indexing,knowledge classification and organization,and then to compilation into specialized or comprehensive knowledge tools. In view of the nature,characteristics,and specific compilation methods,there is a high degree of consistency between Lei Shu and classical knowledge repositories. In such a case,Lei Shu can provide reference and materials for classical knowledge repositories. At the same time,Lei Shu annotated with ancient knowledge names such as Shanhai Jing,Er Ya,Shilin Guangji,and Yongle Dadianare also important corpus resources for building classical knowledge repositories. 5 figs. 48 refs.
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