| 夏义堃.数字环境下公共数据的内涵、边界与划分原则分析[J].中国图书馆学报,2024,50(2):100~114 |
| 数字环境下公共数据的内涵、边界与划分原则分析 |
| The Connotation,Boundary,and Division Principles of Public Data in the Digital Environment |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-08 修订日期：2023-07-13 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 公共数据 数据内涵 数据边界 公共数据治理 数字环境 |
| 英文关键词: Public data Data connotation Data boundary Public data governance Digital environment |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 86 |
| 全文下载次数: 65 |
| 中文摘要: |
厘清数字环境下公共数据的内涵、边界是推进公共数据开放共享的必要前提。基于多学科视角的概念解析、比较研究与归纳推演,本文揭示了数字环境下公共数据内涵、边界问题的表征、成因,并从责任边界、运行边界、价值边界三个维度搭建分析框架。研究发现,当前公共数据内涵认知与边界划分的不确定性反映出数据治理理念、秩序、能力等诸多方面的现实问题,理解公共数据问题的关键应把握其数据属性与公共属性两大主线。同时,概念理解的相对性、数据主张的兼容性、责任主体的多元性与价值认知的主观性直接影响公共数据边界的划分。因此,数字环境下公共数据边界划分的不确定性是对以往简单的、固化的数据边界的扬弃,应进一步理清公共数据与个人数据、企业数据、开放数据等不同类型数据之间的区别与联系,进而明确其边界判断应秉持公共性原则、基于可信生态原则、弥补市场失灵原则与保持适度张力原则。图4。表2。参考文献38。
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| 英文摘要: |
Clarifying the connotation and boundary of public data in the digital environment is a necessary prerequisite for promoting the openness and sharing of public data. Based on the concept analysis,comparative research,induction and deduction from a multidisciplinary perspective,this paper reveals the connotation of public data and the characterization and causes of boundary problems in the digital environment. Meanwhile,this paper builds an analysis framework from three dimensions:responsibility boundary,operation boundary and value boundary.
The study finds that with the deepening of big data and artificial intelligence technology,public data,enterprise data and personal data are intertwined and permeated with each other,which has completely changed the way of dividing the concept boundary of traditional public data. The connotation boundary of data with different attributes and its development and utilization become more complicated,which further increases the uncertainty of the connotation cognition and boundary division of public data. In order to avoid the weakening or generalization of boundary division,in view of the differences between different subjects in data governance concepts,order,ability and many other practical constraints,the perspective and methods of understanding public data issues should integrate traditional methods such as subject theory,object theory and function theory,and the key is to grasp its basic characteristics from the two main lines of data attribute and public attribute. At the same time,the relativity of concept understanding,the compatibility of data claims,the diversity of responsibility subjects and the subjectivity of value cognition directly affect the division of public data boundaries.
There are many reasons for this situation,such as the fuzziness of public and private concepts in the digital environment,the dilution of data ownership by technological development,and the dynamic transformation of data attributes aggravated by data circulation. Therefore,the uncertainty of public data boundary division in digital environment is the sublation of the previously simple and rigid data attribute boundary. It should further clarify the difference and correlation between public data and different types of data such as personal data,enterprise data and open data,and then clarify that its boundary judgment should adhere to the principle of making up for market failure,the principle of subject compliance,the principle of trusted ecology and the principle of moderate tension. Accordingly,the leading organization and logic of public data development and utilization should also be optimized with the adjustment of data boundary division. 4 figs. 2 tabs. 38 refs.
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