| 冯佳.公共文化服务标准中的公共图书馆[J].中国图书馆学报,2016,42(3):91~102 |
| Public Libraries in the Public Cultural Service Standards |
| 公共文化服务标准中的公共图书馆 |
| Received:December 29, 2015 |
| DOI：10.13530/j.cnki.jlis.163007 |
| Key words:Public libraries Public cultural services Standards Balanced development |
| 中文关键词: 公共图书馆 公共文化服务 标准 均衡发展 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Abstract: |
The Opinions on Accelerating the Establishment of Modern Public Cultural Services System was issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council in January，2015. Since its issuance， the provincial party committees and governments all over China （including autonomous regions and municipalities） have been making efforts to promote public cultural construction projects and implement the Opinions. Until now， 26 provinces （including autonomous regions and municipalities） have already issued local policies.
As the attachment of the Opinions， Directive Standards for Basic National Public Cultural Services （2015-2020） are the “bottom line” of public cultural services reflecting the governmental responsibilities at the national level and provide guidance and reference in service contents and categories. As guiding standards， the Directive Standards are comprised mainly of qualitative indicators， which leaves enough room for local innovative standards. Since public libraries play an important role in the public cultural services system， related indicators of public libraries are also included in the Directive Standards. There are 8 indicators directly involved with public libraries， focusing on service population， special groups and talent team construction and so on. Accordingly， local standards for basic public cultural services have been issued as attachments or supportive documents. In average， more than 20 indicators are directly involved with public libraries in local standards which mainly cover facilities， opening hours， the number of service activities， volumes per capita， annual new volumes per capita， the total number of digital resources in the Cultural Information Resources Sharing Project and digital libraries， etc.， aiming to solve the problems of service quantity and level. A systematic study has found that local standards demonstrate distinctive characteristics in staggered opening hours， digital services， grass-roots services， and funds guarantee and so on within the framework of the Directive Standards. Besides， the local standards also advance the development of the public libraries by increasing resources quantity， improving library service abilities， promoting the activity of nationwide reading， and training innovative talent teams. The newly issued Public Library Law of the People’s Republic of China （Draft） corresponds to the public cultural service standards with respect to funds guarantee， hardware facilities and service activities， etc. Along with the refinement of social governance， local public library regulations also have the tendency of refinement. Under the guidance of the National Library Standardization 12th Five-Year Plan and library construction and service standards， most recently issued local standards focus on specific services of public libraries. The public library standards have gradually shifted from emphasizing solely professional development to taking service efficiency as guidance and ensuring all citizens’ basic cultural rights and interests， which provides significant support and reference for public cultural service standards. The implementation of the Public Cultural Services Security Act and The Public Library Law of the People’s Republic of China should provides public libraries with opportunities to promote the balanced development of public cultural services by constructing standards. 52 refs.
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| 中文摘要: |
| 《国家基本公共文化服务指导标准(2015—2020年)》作为国家层面体现政府责任的公共文化服务“底线标准”,将公共图书馆相关指标纳入其中,具有鲜明特色。各地分类制定的地方公共文化相关标准有诸多创新和发展,推动了图书馆文献资源建设,提升了图书馆服务能力,助推了全民阅读活动开展,创新了人才队伍建设路径。新近发布的《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法(征求意见稿)》在经费保障、硬件设施及服务活动方面与已出台的公共文化服务标准有所呼应。随着图书馆事业发展理念逐步向效能导向的全局观念转变,公共图书馆行业已有标准为公共文化服务标准的制定提供了重要支撑和参考。公共图书馆应顺势而为,通过标准化建设助推公共文化服务均等化早日实现。参考文献52。 |
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