| 苗美娟.美国公共图书馆促进世代融合的实践及启示[J].中国图书馆学报,2021,47(3):113~127 |
| 美国公共图书馆促进世代融合的实践及启示 |
| The Practice and Enlightenment of American Public Libraries in Promoting Generation Integration |
| 投稿时间：2019-09-30 修订日期：2021-01-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 公共图书馆 老龄化社会 世代融合 代际政策 代际馆藏 代际空间 代际项目 |
| 英文关键词: Public libraries Aging society Generation integration Intergenerational policy Intergenerational collection Intergenerational space Intergenerational program |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
在社会老龄化和代际共融倡议不断发展的背景下,探寻公共图书馆促进世代融合的多元路径,是公共图书馆继续服务所有年龄群体、创新服务方式、积极应对人口老龄化的新型途径。美国公共图书馆界促进世代融合的实践主要体现在制定政策指南、开展代际项目、建设代际资源、举办代际会议等层面,同时也暴露出诸多问题。美国公共图书馆促进世代融合的路径包括:加强代际理念和代际项目的教育研究及培训工作,将“代际学习和交流”作为图书馆的服务策略和服务内容；将代际视角融入政策文件,将世代多样性作为图书馆的重要资产；构建和完善包含准确、积极和多元老年人形象的代际馆藏资源,培养儿童对老年人和老化的积极认知；拓展或专门开辟代际共享空间,促进图书馆从单代空间和多代空间向代际空间转变；开展多元主题的代际项目,搭建老年人和年轻人之间互动沟通的桥梁。美国公共图书馆促进世代融合的实践、存在的问题及完善路径可为我国公共图书馆开展相关业务提供参考。图2。表2。参考文献62。
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| 英文摘要: |
Changes in family structure lead to emotional separation between generations. The intensification of aging and generational conflict highlights the need for generational integration,and active aging emphasizes the potential of the elderly.
This paper explores the practices and problems of American public libraries in promoting generational integration,and improves the multiple paths of public libraries in promoting generational integration,so as to provide reference for Chinese public libraries in developing related services.
By means of literature research and investigation,this paper sorts out and investigates the process and development status of American public libraries in promoting generational integration.
The practice and problems of American public libraries to promote generational integration are mainly manifested in: 1） The policy and development of intergenerational content begin with library services for the elderly,while comprehensive policies,strategy documents and policy documents for children and adolescents generally lack intergenerational content and still focus on providing services for each age group in a separate way; 2） Intergenerational programs are diverse and focus on addressing a range of economic,social,and cultural issues faced by the elderly,children,and youth,but the number of programs remains limited;3） There is ageneral lack of attention to literature based on age （compared with race and ethnicity）,and libraries have not yet played an important role in collecting children's literature containing positive images of the elderly; 4） Special intergenerational meetings are held,but the scope is limited. Paths for American public libraries to promote generational integration include: 1） Strengthen the education,training and research of intergenerational concepts and intergenerational programs,and enhance the attention of students and librarians to the service strategies and contents of “intergenerational learning and communication”; 2） Strengthen the top level design,promote the positive integration of the intergenerational perspective into the comprehensive and specialized policies of libraries,and regard generational diversity as an important asset of libraries; 3） Strengthen the understanding of the problem of ageism in children's literature,build children's collection resources that contain accurate,positive and diverse images of the elderly,and cultivate children's positive cognition of the elderly and aging; 4） Break the traditional space isolation,expand or specially open up intergenerational shared space,promote the transformation of libraries from mono generational space and multi generational space to intergenerational space,reflecting the significance of the library as a space and as a relationship; 5） Carry out multi theme intergenerational activities or programs （such as intergenerational reading,intergenerational learning,intergenerational cultural and historical inheritance,intergenerational art and entertainment） to truly build a bridge for the interaction and communication between the elderly and the young.
Based on the practices of American public libraries in promoting generational integration,this paper proposes the enlightenment for Chinese public libraries,including strengthening and innovating services for special groups,promoting the reform of library system and mechanism,and exploring the path of generational integration with Chinese characteristics. 2 figs. 2 tabs 62 refs.
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