Page 225 - JOURNAL OF LIBRARY SCIENCE IN CHINA 2015 Vol. 41

224 Journal of Library Science in China, Vol. 7, 2015

school library services.
The limitations lied in the following aspects: 1) the analysis of American school library
standardized files was comparatively general and macroscopic; 2) there were significant differences
between China and America in the aspects of general school systems, education policies, school
conditions and educational philosophies. Hence further empirical research is needed for introducing
the functions of standardization of American school library service in China.

No.2

A comparative study of academic trace and impact torque on single
publication

Jimmy R. TANG & Fred Y. YE 1 ∗

There have been many academic indicators, but few indicators can be applied to appraise single
publication, in which counting total citations becomes the simplest approach. Recently, academic
trace and impact torque have been proposed and applied, where academic subjects such as authors
and institutes are considered, and academic objects particularly single publications are also
concerned. In the article, the authors compare and analyze the effects of academic trace and impact
torque in the applications for single publications, on which further related studies are expected.
The authors focus on comparing academic trace and impact torque, with referring to total citation
and citing h-index. The academic trace originates from mathematical trace of academic matrix
and is determined by 5 parameters: total citing papers P, citing h-index h, total citing citations C,
uncited citing papers Pz and citations in h-core Ch. The impact torque refers to physical torque,
which is defined as the multiply of impact author-force A and impact time-span D. Two datasets
25 highly cited papers in JASIST 2005-2014 and 24 highly cited ones in ASTROPHYSICAL
JOURNAL 2011-2014 are used to compare the effects of academic trace and impact torque and to
reveal their correlations and differences.
It is concluded that academic trace and impact torque possess independences and correlations
in comparing with pure citations and citing h-index. When the total citations and citing h-index
cannot differentiate the impacts of single publications, academic trace and impact torque provide
better differentiation. On overall effects, academic trace and impact torque work better than pure
citations and citing h-index, and academic trace works better than impact torque.
Comparing with pure citations and citing h-index, the new indicators, academic trace and impact
torque, display both independences and correlations and thus supply rich measuring information

* Correspondence should be addressed to Fred Y.Ye, Email: yye@nju.edu.cn