Page 93 - Journal of Library Science in China, Vol.47, 2021

092 Journal of Library Science in China, Vol.13, 2021

thesaurus retrieval tool Chinese Thesaurus (1980). Since traditional and complex data description
and indexing methods could not adapt to the rapid development of digital resources, metadata was
born, the development of which filled this gap and improved the retrieval accuracy. Therefore,
the division of China National Technical Committee of Standardization for Documentation, Sub-
committee on Automation, modeled on the MARC of the Library of Congress and proposed a
complex metadata scheme with Chinese characteristics, Format for Documentation Bibliographic
Information Interchange on Magnetic Tape (GB 2901-82, 1982). After that, the Ministry of Culture
of PRC also issued China MARC Format (CNMARC) (1992). Subsequently, in order to give full
play to the advantages of the integration of classification method and subject indexing, new fields
had been opened up in the development of integrated information resource organization tools for
classification themes, which led to lots of academic achievements, such as Thesaurus of Population
(1994, by Chinese Population Document and Information Center), Classified Chinese Thesaurus
(1994, by editorial committee of Chinese Library Classification). These are featured thesaurus that
are still widely used and updating today.
New technological revolutions were constantly taking place, and the reform of the national
economic, scientific, technological and educational systems was constantly developing. Therefore,
information is gradually advancing alongside material and energy as the three pillars of social
development. With the development of technology, traditional information and intelligence
carriers (such as newspapers, journals, books, etc.) were increasingly inconvenient in obtaining
and utilizing information content. There was a growing contradiction between the disorder and
complexity of social information and the specific intelligence needs of human beings. This
required information organization to shift to knowledge organization and provided users with the
most comprehensive and direct knowledge solutions through the sequencing and interconnection
of objective knowledge elements.
In order to organize, manage and utilize information resources much better, information science
[9]
has been exploring the boundaries and associations of literature, information and knowledge ,
[10]
especially the research on knowledge organization and link evolution in knowledge networks . In
the past, limited by technology, people could only indirectly organize knowledge and information
with the help of literature units. Literature content was used in place as a substitute for knowledge,
which could not reflect the real attributes of knowledge. Nowadays, with the development of
artificial intelligence technologies, such as natural language processing and knowledge graph,
knowledge organization is gradually walking towards to semantic layer, to solve the difficulties in
[11]
knowledge representation and knowledge association , which may present knowledge objectively.
Organic integration of multilevel semantic knowledge organization and cognitive computing
model makes it easy to constantly explore the implicit relationship of knowledge units. As the
global physical economy system turns to be knowledge economy, semantic knowledge analysis
and services based on knowledge organization system would be an inevitable trend. It determines
whether China could study and hold the core technology in the big data environment, and catch up