Page 98 - Journal of Library Science in China, Vol.47, 2021

AN Lu, CHEN Miaomiao, SHEN Yan & LI Gang / The basic categories and core propositions of information science with Chinese characteristics 097

with Chinese characteristics was to conduct a comprehensive chain structure research on each
node in the information chain from beginning to end, including two aspects, research on a single
node and its evolutionary progress. Today, the new technological environment has changed the
[21]
gradual, step-by-step sublimation structure of the information chain . The big data, which may
contain wrong, messy and jumbled information, exceeds the capacity of traditional technologies to
capture, manage, and process it. It also breaks the structure of intelligence generation and changes
the way it works. Intelligence can be generated at any step in the information chain based on time-
efficiency and high quality of knowledge, intelligence and solutions. This change has prompted
a paradigm shift in intelligence research. Intelligence is no longer distilled in a linear process
along the information chain step by step. It could be generated from any node by deep mining
analysis with the help of big data technology, integrating in circulatory chain, business chain and
decision chain with integrity and directivity, sublimating the information chain process system
[22]
and expanding the intelligence research path . Remarkably, in the data era, data concepts are
constantly evolving. It has gone beyond the traditional concept of data on the information chain.
The term “data” refers to the aggregate of information, knowledge, and semantics. The description
function and prediction function of things can directly mine and deduce intelligence, further to
enhance the value of intelligence itself and intelligence analysis. Based on the above analysis, this
paper puts forward the following proposition on the development of intelligence research:

Proposition No.7: Intelligence research in China evolves and develops hierarchically along the path of
the information chain. However, the new technical environment has broken the traditional model of linear
refinement of intelligence research. Intelligence could be produced from any node in the information chain.

Intelligence research is closely related to information and knowledge discovery, information
processing and analysis. According to the information chain, intelligence research could be
traced back to human’s cognition and induction of the attributes of objective things in the real
physical world and human social activities. During the long-term of social environment evolution,
information discipline reform and knowledge precipitation of intelligence research itself, its
paradigm path has changed similarly to the dominant approach of the scientific research paradigm,
from empirical paradigm, theoretical paradigm, computational paradigm to data intensive
paradigm. According to the historical background of information science development in China,
the indigenous intelligence research paradigms are summarized as fact-based paradigm, review-
based paradigm, intellectual paradigm and big data paradigm [23] . While from a philosophical
point of view, intelligence research paradigms include physical paradigm, cognitive paradigm,
resource paradigm, management paradigm, economic paradigm and process paradigm. In terms of
intelligence content, the paradigms include soft science paradigm, library and information science
paradigm and management science paradigm. Whatever way these paradigms are classified, the
influence on intelligence research by big data environment and the new thinking, new technology